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Introduction -
Rapid Creek forms part of the traditional lands of the
Larrakia people who continue to maintain links with this area.
The freshwater area has always been a good camping site with
plentiful food, natural spring water and tall shady trees. The area is
still a popular area for itinerant campers.
The
Larrakia name for the creek – Gurambai – means 'elbow' and refers to
the bend in the saltwater section near the mouth (Heffernan, 1992).
The Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority have recorded two significant
sites within the catchment area.
Today, the Larrakia people and other groups still use the
areas around the mouth of the creek and adjacent to the monsoon forest for
camp sites. Some traditional food gathering is still carried
out. Pandanus Spiralis fronds are collected for basket weaving and
the roots of the Diospyros Maritima are still occasionally utilised
to provide yellow dyes.
- Significant sites -
The first site is a Banyan (Ficus virens) tree behind the sand
dunes in Casuarina Coastal Reserve. This tree has suffered damage in
recent years from fire and mistreatment. It is the site of a local
Aboriginal battlefield and also a burial ground
A second recorded site is a large Banyan on the southern bank of
Rapid Creek adjacent to the footbridge.
The major sacred site in the area is Dariba Nunggalinya (Old Man
Rock) which lies to the
north west of the creek mouth. (Heffernan, 1992).
Dariba means old man -a term of respect and Nunggalinya is the name
of the first Larrakia man. Dariba Nunggalinya protects the Larrakia people
and their lands. Larrakia oral traditions state that Dariba Nunggalinga is
not to be disturbed. It is believed that if visitors disrespect this area
it may cause severe weather, even cyclones. (Heffernan,
1992).
Some of the plants and animals that are in the Rapid
Creek area are significant to the Larrakia people, such as the brahminy
kites, green tree frogs, banyan, ironwood, pandanus and milkwood trees.
Many bush tucker species grow along or near the creek and local Aboriginal
people continue to work with other groups to ensure its
protection.
- History
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Pre-European Settlement
Long before European settlement the Larrakia
people traded with many other Aboriginal Australian groups as well as the
Macassan people.
The word 'Larrakia' was derived from the
Macassan language of Indo-Malay which most of the Larrakia could speak as
a result of years and years of trading with the Macassan
people.
The Larrakia people would trade sea cucumbers
(trepang) for Macassan language and seeds, fishing tools, digging tools,
carving and cutting tools.
European Settlement
John McDouall Stuart arrived in 1860 and European
settlement began in 1860's. Larrakia camps in the (now Darwin) area, where
development was planned, were destroyed and the Larrakia people were
either moved to other areas or chose to move away from the new changes on
their traditional lands.
From 1882 – 1891 Rapid Creek was the site of a Catholic
Jesuit Mission in the suburb of Millner. The main building was located
near the corner of Ryland Road and Pinder Street, Millner. The grounds
(including agricultural areas) extended down to the creek in the area of
the Darwin Water Gardens and out to the coast. It is recorded as a Mission
to Aborigines specifically the Larrakia and the Woolna people in the
history of the Catholic Organisation.
From the 1940's to 1960's the Chinese community used the
area for some celebrations and for Chinese vegetable gardens. Members of
the Chinese community also congregated there to gamble (Pi
Que).
In Darwin's early years there was close contact between the
Larrakia people and their new visitors. Today, there are probably about
1500 people of Larrakia descent in Darwin.
For over a hundred years Rapid Creek has been a
recreational area for Darwin residents and visitors. It has been used for
picnics, boats, camping and fishing. Rapid Creek continues to be a
significant recreational site today. |